The authors of this paper (open access) have reviewed the recent uses of internet-of-things (IoT), artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI-ML) and blockchain technology (BT) in the wine industry supply chain.
They propose a future framework They consider that this IoT-AI(ML)-BCT framework integrates IoT, AI, and BCT would revolutionize the wine industry’s logistics and quality control processes. It considers that all actors of the supply chain are part of the system: Grape producers use ML algorithms to predict crop yields, monitor soil conditions, and forecast weather patterns, aiding vineyard management and optimizing production; wineries use IoT devices for tracking wine barrels throughout the supply chain, ensuring proper storage conditions and minimizing spoilage risks. Meanwhile, BCT provides transparency and immutability to supply chain data, enabling consumers to trace the journey of each bottle from vineyard to shelf, guaranteeing authenticity and quality.
The authors recognise that there are many practical factors to overcome in order to roll out the proposed framework, including
- Conducting case studies or empirical studies to validate the proposed framework in real-world settings.
- Exploring the regulatory landscape surrounding the adoption of BCT, IoT, and AI in the wine industry, considering factors such as data privacy, security, and compliance with industry standards and regulations.
- Investigating the cultural and economic implications of integrating these technologies into the wine supply chain, including stakeholder perceptions, adoption barriers, and economic feasibility.
- Continuously monitoring technological advancements and emerging trends in BCT, IoT and AI to ensure the proposed framework remains relevant and up-to-date.
They conclude that deep learning and time series algorithms in more complex wine supply chain management scenarios with demands derived from actual data, would be exciting to examine.
(graphic from the paper)
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